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Enterprising Images, Michigan Historical Museum

About the Exhibit

York Pennsylvania

East Saginaw, Michigan

The Goodridge Legacy

Time Line

Exhibit Credits and Acknowledgements

Enterprising Kids' Activities

Hard Times

The Goodridge family endured both personal and financial misfortunes. Their third child and second-oldest son, Albertus, died at the age of 10 in 1846. Evalina, William's wife of 25 years, died on October 31, 1852.

In 1858, the family's fortunes took a turn for the worse. They fell behind in paying their bills. On December 31, 1858, the sheriff sold 20 of William's properties, including his house and Centre Hall, to pay his debts. Two months later, Glenalvin lost his property. William returned to barbering; Glenalvin, to teaching.

In spring 1861, Glenalvin and his brother Wallace opened a new studio. They used collodian glass negatives to print enlarged paper photographs and stereoscopic views. The business went well.

Then a new disaster struck. In August 1862, Glenalvin was charged with raping a white woman. Despite inconclusive evidence, he was convicted.

His father mobilized the York community to seek his pardon, and on December 13, 1864, the governor pardoned Glenalvin. 

There is not a man in our party [the Republicans] but is satisfied that he [Glenalvin] never would have been convicted if he had been a white man and if he had been a democrat.

Dr. Charles H. Bressler to Governor Andrew G. Curtin
21 November 1864

Penitentiary, Philadelphia. Etching and engraving by C. Burton, 1831. Collection of Eastern State Penitentiary.Glenalvin had served less than 2 years of his 5-year sentence, but it was a bittersweet victory. He left the Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia with the tuberculosis that would take his life on November 14, 1867. (Eastern State Penitentiary is a National Historic Landmark.)

A condition of Glenalvin's pardon was that he leave Pennsylvania. His sister Mary and brothers William and Wallace O. had already relocated in East Saginaw, Michigan. Glenalvin, his wife Rhoda and their children joined them.


NOTE: The text and images in this exhibit may be used by students, teachers and the public for personal and academic purposes. Any other use or publication of them (print or electronic) without formal written permission is strictly prohibited.

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